e vendor said that when a new film arrives on the stalls he can sell about 65 a day, better even than his more discreet selection of pornography. They are bought mostly for their shock value, but in the process they spread al-Zarqawi’s insidious propaganda through the volatile slums of Iraq.
Though clumsy by Western standards, they show a chillingly professional fusion of video technology and Islamic rhetoric and imagery, deploying graphics, revolving logos, fadeouts, Koranic chants and soundtracks. Each execution is preceded by the group’s symbol — a Kalashnikov, a flag and an arm emerging from the open pages of the Koran — to the accompaniment of a battle hymn in Arabic. The introduction is soon followed by the reading of a statement by a hooded figure flanked on either side by armed guards, usually dressed in black. Behind them, pinned to the wall, is the group’s distinctive flag: a black banner emblazoned with a large yellow circle and the group’s name. In front of the execution squad is a bound and blindfolded figure.
Then there’s the man himself:
Al-Zarqawi was raised in a branch of the powerful Bani Hassan tribe and is remembered as a simple troublemaker who got mixed up with the wrong people. Many of his neighbours recalled him as a tattooed, under-educated thug, once jailed for drug abuse and sexual assault in Jordan, who was an embarrassment to his long-suffering father, a retired army officer.
Like many aimless youths in the Arab world in the 1980s, he was drawn to the cause of the Mujahidin in Afghanistan, then fighting the Soviet occupation. He arrived in 1989, too late to fight, so instead became a journalist working for an Islamic magazine. He returned home, three years later, a committed Islamic warrior in search of a cause.
The article makes clear how big a mistake it was to allow Fallujah to fester:
He is already credited with establishing a mini-Islamic state in the rebel stronghold of Fallujah, west of Baghdad, where his Mujahidin volunteers from across the Arab world operate in relative freedom after forcing out US troops in April.
Although his group is fundamentally opposed to the country’s Shia Muslim majority and other non-Sunni Arab sects, he has nevertheless succeeded in co-opting the resistance movement, which began as a nationalist struggle.
“This is jihad (holy war), so we cannot prevent any Muslim or Arab coming here to fight,” Abdullah al-Salafi, a local resistance fighter, said. “Our goal is to create in the rest of Iraq what we have achieved in Fallujah.”
Large sections of the city have been abandoned by the civilian population, allowing al-Zarqawi’s men to establish safe houses and plan future kidnappings, suicide car bombings and assassinations. For days last week his followers even seized control of Haifa Street, one of Baghdad’s main arteries, where the group’s distinctive black flag was draped on apartment balconies, street lamps and, briefly, on a destroyed US armoured vehicle.