itarian Affairs Jan Egeland has very recently reported to the Security Council, Khartoum’s grim war of attrition against humanitarian operations in Darfur is relentlessly more successful. Moreover, the possible collapse of the Chadian government of Idriss Deby before growing military pressure from Chadian rebel groups, supported by Khartoum, could have potentially catastrophic implications for humanitarian operations in eastern Chad.
The events of recent weeks—in Addis Ababa, Tripoli, Khartoum, Beijing, New York, London, Paris, Berlin, and Washington—make all too clear that diplomatic paralysis has set in, and that the genocidal quo will prevail for months. Khartoum has made clear that it will accept no “hybrid” force in Darfur, one that includes UN peace support personnel as well as some form of UN command structure; this obduracy has effectively gutted UN Security Council Resolution 1706 (August 31, 2006). […]
Most ominously, there are increasingly disturbing reports that Khartoum is prepared to resume war with southern Sudan. Tensions are running extremely high in a number of regions that might serve as flash-points for renewed conflict, especially oil-rich Western Upper Nile. It is in this context that Salva Kiir—nominally First Vice-President of the “Government of National Unity” in Khartoum, and President of the Government of South Sudan—has broken fully with the National Islamic Front on deployment of a force to Darfur for civilian and humanitarian protection:
“The international community should send peacekeepers to Darfur with or without Khartoum’s approval, the Sudanese regime’s number two Salva Kiir has said. ‘My position has always been very clear…that international forces should come to save lives,’ the Sudanese first vice president told reporters in Cairo after meeting Egyptian Foreign Minister Ahmed Aboul Gheit on Wednesday. Asked if the Sudanese government’s consent should be a prerequisite to any deployment, Kiir said: ‘It should not be a condition. There will be no reason, if people are dying…and it should not restrict the international community from coming in to save lives.’” (Agence France-Presse [dateline: Cairo], November 22, 2006)
In the context of mounting tensions in southern Sudan, and a continuing refusal by the National Islamic Front to abide by key terms and benchmarks in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (January 2005), Salva Kiir’s remarks reflect just how explosive and regionally consequential Darfur’s conflict has become. It threatens not only some 4.5 million conflict-affected civilians, but stability in Chad and the Central African Republic, and may prove to be the catalyst for renewed north/south war in southern Sudan.
And Jan Pronk, expelled head of the UN operation in Sudan, sharply criticized international passivity toward the Darfur crisis, in an interview published in a German newspaper:
The international community “has absolutely not reacted to this day against (Khartoum’s) violation of the Darfur peace treaty,” Pronk told the daily Munich Suddeutsche Zeitung. “This must be registered. Any reply would have been better than no reply at all.” […]
“The situation is very simple,” Pronk said. “The government of Sudan has violated the peace treaty in Darfur to which it was a signatory. And it continues to violate this treaty. It bombs villages. It recruits more and more soldiers, instead of disarming the militias. It always seeks a military solution.”